specialisation, IAL ECONOMICS THEME ONE,UNIT ONE,MODEL ANSWER
Specialisation Specialisation occurs when individuals, firms, or countries concentrate on producing a limited range of goods or services in which they have a comparative advantage. It allows resources to be used more efficiently.Benefits include higher productivity, lower costs, greater output, trade gains, and improved living standards For example, a country like Ghana specialising in cocoa or Bangladesh specialising in textiles uses its resources where it is most efficient. Firms like Toyota specialising in car manufacturing can achieve economies of scale • Increased productivity and efficiency: When workers or firms specialise, they become more skilled through repetition, reducing average costs and increasing output. • Economies of scale: Specialisation allows firms to produce on a larger scale, lowering unit costs and improving competitiveness. • Time saving and innovation: Workers focus on specific tasks, which saves time and encourages technological improvements. • Trade and hig...